Advertisement
Editorial| Volume 49, ISSUE 4, P429-435, October 1970

The cross-linking of collagen and elastin and its inhibition in osteolathyrism

Is there a relation to the aging process?
  • Author Footnotes
    1 From the Department of Biochemistry and Research Training Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105.
    Paul Bornstein
    Correspondence
    Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr. Paul Bornstein.
    Footnotes
    1 From the Department of Biochemistry and Research Training Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105.
    Affiliations
    Seattle, Washington, USA
    Search for articles by this author
  • Author Footnotes
    1 From the Department of Biochemistry and Research Training Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105.
      This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.

      References

        • Butzow JJ
        • Eichhorn GL
        Physical chemical studies on the age changes in rat tail tendon collagen.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968; 154: 208
        • Banfield WG
        Age changes in the acetic acid-soluble collagen in human skin.
        Arch Path. 1959; 68: 680
        • Bakerman S
        Quantitative extraction of acid-soluble human skin collagen with age.
        Nature. 1962; 196 (London): 375
        • Nimni ME
        • de Guia E
        • Bavetta LA
        Changes in the quantity and nature of collagen in rabbit skin as a function of age.
        Nature. 1965; 207 (London): 865
        • Kohn RR
        • Rollerson E
        Relationship of age to swelling properties of human diaphragm tendon in acid and alkaline solutions.
        J Geront. 1958; 13: 241
        • Jackson DS
        • Bentley JP
        On the significance of the extractable collagens.
        J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1960; 7: 37
        • Tsurufugi S
        • Nakagawa H
        Quantitative aspects of the formation and maturation of collagen in rat skin.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967; 140: 142
        • Flory PJ
        • Garrett RR
        Phase transitions in collagen and gelatin systems.
        J Amer Chem Soc. 1958; 80: 4836
        • Harrington WF
        • Von Hippel PH
        The structure of collagen and gelatin.
        Advances Protein Chem. 1961; 16: 1
        • Verzar F
        Aging of the collagen fiber.
        Int Rev Connect Tissue Res. 1964; 2: 243
        • Wiederhorn NM
        • Reardon GV
        Studies concerned with the structure of collagen. II. Stress-strain behavior of thermally contracted collagen.
        J Polymer Sci. 1952; 9: 315
        • Sobel H
        Aging of ground substance in connective tissue.
        Advances Geront Res. 1967; 2: 205
        • Piez KA
        • Eigner EA
        • Lewis MS
        The chromatographic separation and amino acid composition of the subunits of several collagens.
        Biochemistry. 1963; 2: 58
        • Bornstein P
        • Piez KA
        A biochemical study of human skin collagen and the relation between intra- and intermolecular cross-linking.
        J Clin Invest. 1964; 43: 1813
        • Gross E
        The cyanogen bromide reaction.
        Meth Enzymol. 1967; 11: 238
        • Bornstein P
        • Piez KA
        The nature of the intramolecular cross-links in collagen. The separation and characterization of peptides from the cross-link region of rat skin collagen.
        Biochemistry. 1966; 5: 3460
        • Butler WT
        • Piez KA
        • Bornstein P
        Isolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides from the α1 chain of rat skin collagen.
        Biochemistry. 1967; 6: 3771
        • Bornstein P
        • Kang AH
        • Piez KA
        The nature and location of intramolecular cross-links in collagen.
        Proc Nat Acad Sci US. 1966; 55: 417
        • Bornstein P
        • Kang AH
        • Piez KA
        The limited cleavage of native collagen with chymotrypsin, trypsin and cyanogen bromide.
        Biochemistry. 1966; 5: 3803
        • Piez KA
        • Martin GR
        • Kang AH
        • Bornstein P
        Heterogeneity of the α chains of rat skin collagen and its relation to the biosynthesis of cross-links.
        Biochemistry. 1966; 5: 3813
        • Kang AH
        • Bornstein P
        • Piez KA
        The amino acid sequence of peptides from the cross-linking region of rat skin collagen.
        Biochemistry. 1967; 6: 788
        • Rojkind M
        • Rhi L
        • Aguirre M
        Biosynthesis of the intramolecular cross-links in rat skin collagen.
        J Biol Chem. 1968; 243: 2266
        • Kang AH
        • Faris B
        • Franzblau C
        Intramolecular cross-link of chick skin collagen.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969; 36: 345
        • Landucci JM
        Recherche sur les aldehydes existant dans les gelatins.
        Bull Soc Chem. 1954; 21: 120
        • Levene CI
        Studies on the mode of action of lathyrogenic compounds.
        J Exp Med. 1962; 116: 119
        • Rojkind M
        • Blumenfeld OO
        • Gallop PM
        Localization and partial characterization of an aldehydic component in tropocollagen.
        J Biol Chem. 1966; 241: 1530
        • Thomas J
        • Elsden DF
        • Partridge SM
        Partial structure of two major degradation products from the cross-linkages in elastin.
        Nature. 1963; 200 (London): 651
        • Miller EJ
        • Martin GR
        • Piez KA
        The utilization of lysine in the biosynthesis of elastin cross-links.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1964; 17: 248
        • Partridge SM
        • Elsden DF
        • Thomas J
        • Dorfman A
        • Telser A
        • Ho P-L
        Incorporation of labeled lysine into the desmosine cross-bridges in elastin.
        Nature. 1966; 209 (London): 399
        • Anwar RA
        • Oda G
        The biosynthesis of desmosine and isodesmosine. II. Incorporation of specifically labeled lysine into desmosine and isodesmosine.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967; 133: 151
        • Franzblau C
        • Sinex FM
        • Faris B
        • Lampides R
        Identification of a new cross-linking amino acid in elastin.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965; 21: 575
        • Starcher BC
        • Partridge SM
        • Elsden DF
        Isolation and partial characterization of a new amino acid from reduced elastin.
        Biochemistry. 1967; 6: 2425
        • Lent R
        • Franzblau C
        Studies on the reduction of bovine elastin: evidence for the presence of Δ6,7-dehydrolysinonorleucine.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1967; 26: 43
        • Cleary EG
        • Sandberg LB
        • Jackson DS
        The incorporation of lysine into growing elastin.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966; 23: 139
        • Miller EJ
        • Fullmer HM
        Elastin. Diminished reactivity with aldehyde reagents in copper deficiency and lathyrism.
        J Exp Med. 1966; 123: 1097
        • Miller EJ
        • Pinnell SR
        • Martin GR
        • Schiffmann E
        Investigation of the nature of the intermediates involved in desmosine biosynthesis.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1967; 26: 132
        • Franzblau C
        • Lent RW
        Studies on the chemistry of elastin.
        Brookhaven Symp Biol. 1968; 21: 358
        • Lent RW
        • Smith B
        • Salcedo LL
        • Faris B
        • Franzblau C
        Studies on the reduction of elastin. II. Evidence for the presence of α-aminoadipic acid δ-semialdehyde and its aldol condensation product.
        Biochemistry. 1969; 8: 2837
        • Bailey AJ
        The stabilization of the intermolecular cross-links of collagen with aging.
        Gerontologia. 1969; 15: 65
        • Tanzer ML
        Experimental lathyrism.
        Int Rev Connect Tissue Res. 1965; 3: 91
        • Martin GR
        • Piez KA
        • Lewis MS
        The incorporation of 14C-glycine into the subunits of collagens from normal and lathyritic animals.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1963; 69: 472
        • Tanzer ML
        Collagen cross-links: stabilization by borohydride reduction.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967; 133: 584
        • Tanzer ML
        Intermolecular cross-links in reconstituted collagen fibrils. Evidence for the nature of the covalent bonds.
        J Biol Chem. 1968; 243: 4045
        • Bailey AJ
        Intermediate labile intermolecular cross-links in collagen fibres.
        Biochim. Biophys Acta. 1968; 160: 447
        • Balian GA
        • Bowes JH
        • Cater CW
        Stabilization of cross-links in collagen by borohydride reduction.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969; 181: 331
        • Bailey AJ
        • Peach CM
        Isolation and structural identification of a labile intermolecular cross-link in collagen.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1968; 33: 812
        • Bailey AJ
        • Fowler LJ
        • Peach CM
        Identification of two interchain cross-links of bone and dentine collagen.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969; 35: 663
        • Schilling ED
        • Strong FM
        Isolation, structure and synthesis of a lathyrus factor from L odoratus.
        J Amer Chem Soc. 1954; 76: 2848
        • Levene CI
        Structural requirements for lathyrogenic agents.
        J Exp Med. 1961; 114: 295
        • Levene CI
        • Gross J
        Alterations in state of molecular aggregation of collagen induced in chick embryos by β-aminopropionitrile (lathyrus factor).
        J Exp Med. 1959; 110: 771
        • Smiley JD
        • Yeager H
        • Ziff M
        Collagen metabolism in osteolathyrism in chick embryos: site of action of β-aminopropionitrile.
        J Exp Med. 1962; 116: 45
        • Smith DJ
        • Schuster RC
        Biochemistry of lathyrism. I. Collagen biosynthesis in normal and lathyritic chick embryos.
        Arch Biochem Biophys. 1962; 98: 498
        • Page RC
        • Benditt EP
        Molecular diseases of connective and vascular tissues. I. The source of lathyritic collagen.
        Lab Invest. 1966; 15: 1643
        • Miller EJ
        • Martin GR
        • Mecca CE
        • Piez KA
        The biosynthesis of elastin cross-links. The effect of copper deficiency and a lathyrogen.
        J Biol Chem. 1965; 240: 3623
        • Rojkind M
        • Juarez H
        The nature of the collagen defect in lathyrism.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966; 25: 481
        • O'Dell BL
        • Elsden DF
        • Thomas J
        • Partridge SM
        • Smith RH
        • Palmer R
        Inhibition of the biosynthesis of the cross-links in elastin by a lathyrogen.
        Nature. 1966; 209 (London): 401
        • Page RC
        • Benditt EP
        Molecular diseases of connective and vascular tissues. III. The aldehyde content of normal and lathyritic soluble collagen.
        Lab Invest. 1968; 18: 124
        • Page RC
        • Benditt EP
        Molecular diseases of connective and vascular tissues. II. Amine oxidase inhibition by the lathyrogen, β-aminopropionitrile.
        Biochemistry. 1967; 6: 1142
        • McEwen CM
        Human plasma monoamine oxidase. I. Purification and identification.
        J Biol Chem. 1965; 240: 2003
        • Blaschko H
        • Buffoni F
        Pyridoxal phosphate as a constituent of the histaminase (benzylamine oxidase) of pig plasma.
        Proc Roy Soc B. 1965; 163: 45
        • Weissman N
        • Shields GS
        • Carnes WH
        Cardiovascular studies on copper-deficient swine. IV. Content and solubility of the aortic elastin, collagen and hexosamine.
        J Biol Chem. 1963; 238: 3115
        • Hill CH
        • Kim CS
        The derangement of elastin synthesis in pyridoxine deficiency.
        Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1967; 27: 94
        • Hill CH
        • Starcher B
        • Kim C
        Role of copper in the formation of elastin.
        Fed Proc. 1967; 26: 129
        • Chou WS
        • Savage JE
        • O'Dell BL
        Role of copper in biosynthesis of intramolecular cross-links in chick tendon collagen.
        J Biol Chem. 1969; 244: 5785
        • Starcher B
        The effect of pyridoxine deficiency on aortic elastin biosynthesis.
        Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1969; 132: 379
        • Sandberg LB
        • Weissman N
        • Smith DW
        The purification and partial characterization of a soluble elastin-like protein from copper-deficient porcine aorta.
        Biochemistry. 1969; 8: 2940
        • Pinnell SR
        • Martin GR
        The cross-linking of collagen and elastin: enzymatic conversion of lysine in peptide linkage to α-aminoadipic-δ-semialdehyde (allysine) by an extract from bone.
        Proc Nat Acad Sci US. 1968; 61: 708
        • Nimni ME
        • Deshmukh K
        • Bavetta LA
        Turnover and age distribution of a collagen fraction extractable from rat skin by mercaptoethylamine.
        Arch Biochem Biophys. 1967; 122: 292
        • Nimni ME
        A defect in the intramolecular and intermolecular cross-linking of collagen caused by penicillamine. I. Metabolic and functional abnormalities in soft tissues.
        J Biol Chem. 1967; 243: 1457
        • Harkness MLR
        • Harkness RD
        Mechanism of action of thiols on the mechanical properties of connective tissues.
        Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968; 154: 553
        • Deshmukh K
        • Nimni ME
        A defect in the intramolecular and intermolecular cross-linking of collagen caused by penicillamine. II. Functional groups involved in the interaction process.
        J Biol Chem. 1969; 244: 1787
        • Pinnell SR
        • Martin GR
        • Miller EJ
        Desmosine biosynthesis: nature of inhibition by D-penicillamine.
        Science. 1968; 161: 475
        • Tanzer ML
        • Monroe D
        • Gross J
        Inhibition of collagen intermolecular cross-linking by thiosemicarbazide.
        Biochemistry. 1966; 5: 1919
        • Rojkind M
        • Gutierrez AM
        The binding of thiosemicarbazide to collagen in vitro.
        Arch Biochem Biophys. 1969; 131: 116
        • Drake MP
        • Davison P
        The location of cross-links in γ chains from calf skin collagen.
        J Biol Chem. 1968; 243: 2090
        • Stark M
        • Kuhn K
        The properties of molecular fragments obtained on treating calfskin collagen with collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum.
        European J Biochem. 1968; 6: 534