Abstract
Background
Continued cigarette smoking by individuals with chronic medical diseases can adversely
affect their symptoms, disease progression, and mortality. We assessed the association
between medical comorbidities and smoking-cessation efforts among US adult smokers.
Methods
We analyzed cross-sectional data from 12,494 past-year cigarette smokers aged ≥18
years from Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the nationally representative Population Assessment
of Tobacco and Health study. We assessed the association between self-reported medical
comorbidities and past-year quit attempts, use of evidence-based smoking-cessation
treatment or electronic cigarettes, and successful smoking cessation using logistic
regression, adjusting for sociodemographics, insurance status, geographic region,
and having a past-year doctor visit.
Results
In the study sample, 39% were aged 18 to 34 years, 45% were female, 70% were non-Hispanic
white, and 48% reported ≥1 comorbidity. Smokers with any comorbidity, compared with
those without comorbidities, had higher odds of trying to quit (adjusted odds ratio,
1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.30), but no higher likelihood of quitting success.
Having more medical comorbidities was associated with increased odds of trying to
quit. Smokers with a comorbidity used evidence-based treatment more often than smokers
without comorbidities (43% vs 26%); use of e-cigarettes to quit was similar between
smokers with and without comorbidities (27% vs 28%).
Conclusions
Adult smokers with chronic medical diseases try to quit and use evidence-based tobacco-cessation
treatment more often than smokers without comorbidities, but they are no more likely
to quit, suggesting that their quit attempts are less likely to succeed. Smokers with
medical comorbidities may require more intensive, prolonged, and repeated treatment
to stop smoking.
Keywords
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: October 09, 2017
Footnotes
Funding: This work was funded by Carney Family Foundation award to SK. The funding source had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Conflicts of Interest: SK receives royalties from UpToDate for authorship of a topic review on e-cigarettes. GRK has a family financial interest in Dimagi and is a paid consultant for Click Therapeutics. NAR has a research grant from and has consulted without pay for Pfizer regarding smoking cessation, and she receives royalties from UpToDate for authorship of topic reviews on smoking cessation and e-cigarettes.
Authorship: All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing this manuscript.
Identification
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