Advertisement
Review| Volume 129, ISSUE 2, P143-147, February 2016

Caring for ‘Very Important Patients’—Ethical Dilemmas and Suggestions for Practical Management

Published:October 29, 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.09.019

      Abstract

      The care of Very Important Patients (VIPs) is different from other patients because they may receive greater access, attention, and resources from health care staff. Although the term VIP is used regularly in the medical literature and is implicitly understood, in practice it constitutes a wide and heterogeneous group of patients that have a strong effect on health care providers. We define a VIP as a very influential patient whose individual attributes and characteristics (eg, social status, occupation, position), coupled with their behavior, have the potential to significantly influence a clinician's judgment or behavior. Physicians, celebrities, the politically powerful, and philanthropists, may all become VIPs in the appropriate context. The quality of care may be inferior because health care professionals may deviate from standard practices when caring for them. Understanding the common features among what may otherwise be very different groups of patients can help health care providers manage ethical concerns when they arise. We use a series of vignettes to demonstrate how VIPs behavior and status can influence a clinician's judgment or actions. Appreciating the ethical principles in these varied circumstances provides health care professionals with the tools to manage ethical conflicts that arise in the care of VIPs. We conclude each vignette with guidance for how health care providers and administrators can manage the ethical concern.

      Keywords

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to The American Journal of Medicine
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Dubler N.N.
        • Kalkut G.E.
        Caring for VIPs in the hospital: the ethical thicket.
        Isr Med Assoc J. 2006; 8: 746-750
        • Lerner B.H.
        Revisiting the death of Eleanor Roosevelt: was the diagnosis of tuberculosis missed?.
        Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2001; 5: 1080-1085
        • Martin A.
        • Bostic J.Q.
        • Pruett K.
        The VIP: hazard and promise in treating “special” patients.
        J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004; 43: 366-369
        • Guzman J.A.
        • Sasidhar M.
        • Stoller J.K.
        Caring for VIPs: nine principles.
        Cleve Clin J Med. 2011; 78: 90-94
        • Mariano E.C.
        • McLeod J.A.
        Emergency care for the VIP patient.
        in: Intensive Care Medicine. Vol. 1. Springer, New York2007: 969-975
        • Schenkenberg T.
        • Kochenour N.K.
        • Botkin J.R.
        Ethical considerations in clinical care of the “VIP”.
        J Clin Ethics. 2007; 18: 56-63
        • Feuer E.H.
        • Karasu S.R.
        A star-struck service: impact of the admission of a celebrity to an inpatient unit.
        J Clin Psychiatry. 1978; 39: 743-746
        • Fromme E.K.
        • Farber N.J.
        • Babbott S.F.
        • Pickett M.E.
        • Beasley B.W.
        What do you do when your loved one is ill? The line between physician and family member.
        Ann Intern Med. 2008; 149: 825-831
        • Ingelfinger F.J.
        Arrogance.
        N Engl J Med. 1980; 303: 1507-1511
        • White R.B.
        • Lindt H.
        Psychological hazards in treating physical disorders of medical colleagues.
        Dis Nerv Syst. 1963; 24: 304-309
        • Groves J.E.
        • Dunderdale B.A.
        • Stern T.A.
        Celebrity patients, VIPs, and potentates.
        Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2002; 4: 215-223
        • Smith M.S.
        • Shesser R.F.
        The emergency care of the VIP patient.
        N Engl J Med. 1988; 319: 1421-1423
        • Domeyer-Klenske A.
        • Rosenbaum M.
        When doctor becomes patient: challenges and strategies in caring for physician-patients.
        Fam Med. 2012; 44: 471-477
        • ABIM Foundation
        Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter.
        Ann Intern Med. 2002; 136: 243-246
      1. Fried C. Philosophical Dimensions of Privacy. An Anthology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK1970
      2. Hennessy-Fiske M. UCLA hospitals to pay $865,500 for breaches of celebrities' privacy. Available at: http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jul/08/local/la-me-celebrity-snooping-20110708. Accessed January 23, 2014.

      3. Goldman R. Clooney proves private health records not so private. Available at: http://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=3714207&page=1#.T3XkCoFvB8E. Accessed January 23, 2014.

        • Wright S.M.
        • Wolfe L.
        • Stewart R.
        • et al.
        Ethical concerns related to grateful patient philanthropy: the physician's perspective.
        J Gen Intern Med. 2013; 28: 645-651
      4. Morse L. Report of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. CEJA report 4-A-03. Gifts from patients to physicians. Available at: www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/code-medical-ethics/10017a.pdf. Accessed January 30, 2014.

        • Roach J.
        • Jacobs E.A.
        Grateful patient philanthropy: is what's good for the goose good for the gander?.
        J Gen Intern Med. 2013; 28: 608-609
        • Brendel D.H.
        • Chu J.
        • Radden J.
        • et al.
        The price of a gift: an approach to receiving gifts from patients in psychiatric practice.
        Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2007; 15: 43-51
        • Chervenak F.A.
        • McCullough L.B.
        • Fraley M.
        • Golding J.
        Ethics: an essential dimension of soliciting philanthropic gifts from donors.
        Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 203: 540.e1-540.e4
        • Roberts L.W.
        Ethical philanthropy in academic psychiatry.
        Am J Psychiatry. 2006; 163: 772-778
      5. Goldrich M. Report of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. CEJA report 7-A-04. Physician participation in soliciting contributions from patients. Available at: www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/code-medical-ethics/10018a.pdf. Accessed January 30, 2014.

        • Prokopetz J.J.
        • Lehmann L.S.
        Physicians as fundraisers: medical philanthropy and the doctor-patient relationship.
        PLoS Med. 2014; 11: e1001600
        • Smally A.J.
        • Carroll B.
        • Carius M.
        • Tilden F.
        • Werdmann M.
        Treatment of VIPs.
        Ann Emerg Med. 2011; 58: 397-398
        • Diekema D.S.
        The preferential treatment of VIPs in the emergency department.
        Am J Emerg Med. 1996; 14: 226-229