Abstract
Heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) is a measure of the variations in individual
treatment response to the same agent across a population. Hypertension affords an
appropriate model for investigators of HTE. Use of blood pressure measurement guidelines
and consistent techniques help to reduce the potential variability associated with
clinician measurements. Patient characteristics such as age and race/ethnicity can
affect blood pressure, including patient response and adverse events observed with
antihypertensive medication. Through pharmacogenetic advances, potential underlying
causes for such variation are emerging. The growing number of clinical examples of
mutations that affect antihypertensive response includes multiple polymorphisms within
the components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The most prominent examples
of these polymorphisms exist in the genes coding for angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting
enzyme, and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. An understanding of the components
of blood pressure variability and sources of HTE in antihypertensive therapy is important
for analyzing published reports on this topic. It is also helpful when designing treatment
protocols for individual patients with hypertension and in assessing their response
to therapy.
Keywords
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