Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and obesity are becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States.
Patients with diabetes are 2 to 3 times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease
(CVD) than are individuals without diabetes, but proper diabetes management and metabolic
control can reduce this risk. Nonpharmacologic interventions, such as diet and exercise,
can help to reduce weight and control insulin resistance, blood glucose levels, and
lipid abnormalities, thereby lowering the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
However, diet and exercise can provide particular challenges for the patient with
diabetes. Antiobesity drugs, such as sibutramine and orlistat, can help individuals
with diabetes lose weight and can have some effect on metabolic control. Alcohol use
and hormone replacement therapy are still controversial topics with regard to reducing
the risk of CVD. Smoking is known to be particularly dangerous for those with diabetes,
and it is important for health care providers to help their patients stop smoking.
Early and aggressive intervention in treating risk factors can reduce the risk of
developing diabetes and prevent CVD in the patient with diabetes.
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© 2004 Excerpta Medica Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
