The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 124, Issue 9 , Pages 841-851.e2 , September 2011

Meta-Analysis Comparing Mediterranean to Low-Fat Diets for Modification of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

  • Alain J. Nordmann, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Alain J. Nordmann, MD, MSc, Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 10, Basel CH-4031, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Katja Suter-Zimmermann, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Heiner C. Bucher, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Iris Shai, RD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • S. Daniel Abraham Center of Health and Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
    • ,
  • Katherine R. Tuttle, MD

      Affiliations

    • The Heart Institute of Spokane and Providence Medical Research Center, Spokane, Wash.
    • ,
  • Ramon Estruch, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
    • ,
  • Matthias Briel, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
    • Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  • Image Result

    Trial flow. ITT=intention to treat; RCT=randomized controlled trial.

    Trial flow. ITT=intention to treat; RCT=randomized controlled trial.

  • Image Result

    Mean changes in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 2 years of follow-up in randomized controlled trials comparing Mediterranean to low-fat d

    Mean changes in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 2 years of follow-up in randomized controlled trials comparing Mediterranean to low-fat diets. BMI=body mass index; CI=confidence interval.

  • Image Result
    Mean changes in cholesterol values, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fasting plasma glucose, and serum insulin after 2 years of follow-up in randomized controlled trials comparing Mediterranean to

    Mean changes in cholesterol values, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fasting plasma glucose, and serum insulin after 2 years of follow-up in randomized controlled trials comparing Mediterranean to low-fat diets. *1-year follow-up data. CI=confidence interval; HDL=high-density lipoprotein; LDL=low-density lipoprotein.

 Funding: A. Nordmann, M. Briel, K. Suter-Zimmermann, and H. Bucher, as collaborators of the Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, are supported by an unrestricted grant from santésuisse and the Gottfried and Julia Bangerter-Rhyner Foundation. The Heart Institute of Spokane Diet Intervention and Evaluation Trial was supported by a grant from the Washington State Attorney General Vitamins Settlement Fund. The Daily-Dose Consensus Interferon and Ribavirin: Efficacy of Combined Therapy (DIRECT) trial was supported by the Nuclear Research Center Negev, the Dr. Robert C. and Veronica Atkins Research Foundation, and the Daniel S. Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition, Ben Gurion University, Israel. The Predimed study was supported by unrestricted grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health and the Generalitat Valenciana. This meta-analysis was supported by an unrestricted grant from the Forlen Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

 Conflict of Interest: None of the authors have a relationship with industry or financial associations that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article.

 Authorship: A. Nordmann and M. Briel had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors had access to the data and fulfill criteria for authorship.

PII: S0002-9343(11)00410-4

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.04.024

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 124, Issue 9 , Pages 841-851.e2 , September 2011

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