The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 123, Issue 8 , Pages 719-726 , August 2010

Blood Pressure and Outcomes in Very Old Hypertensive Coronary Artery Disease Patients: An INVEST Substudy

  • Scott J. Denardo, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Scott J. Denardo, MD, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, P.O. Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610
    • ,
  • Yan Gong, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • ,
  • Wilmer W. Nichols, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • ,
  • Franz H. Messerli, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center and Columbia University College of Medicine and Physicians, New York, NY
    • ,
  • Anthony A. Bavry, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • ,
  • Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff, PharmD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • ,
  • Eileen M. Handberg, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
    • ,
  • Annette Champion, MBA

      Affiliations

    • Abbott Laboratory, Abbott Park, Ill
    • ,
  • Carl J. Pepine, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville

References 

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  2. Sniderman AD, Holme I, Aastveit A, et al. Relation of age, the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio, and the risk of fatal myocardial infarction and implications for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:217–221
  3. National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Compressed mortality file: underlying cause-of-death, 1979 to 2004. http://wonder.cdc.gov/mortSQL.htmlAccessed August 21, 2008
  4. Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, et al. Prospective Studies Collaboration Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360:1903–1913Erratum in: Lancet. 2003;361(9362):1060
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  7. Gueyffier F, Bulpitt C, Boissel JP, et al. Antihypertensive drugs in very old people: a subgroup meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (INDANA Group). Lancet. 1999;353(9155):793–796
  8. Beckett NS, Peters R, Fletcher AE, et al. HYVET Study Group Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1887–1898
  9. Pepine CJ, Handberg EM, Cooper-DeHoff RM, et al. INVEST Investigators A calcium antagonist vs a non-calcium antagonist hypertension treatment strategy for patients with coronary artery disease (The International Verapamil-Trandolapril Study (INVEST): a randomized controlled trial). JAMA. 2003;290:2805–2816
  10. Pepine CJ, Handberg-Thurmond E, Marks RG, et al. Rationale and design of the International Verapamil SR/Trandolapril Study (INVEST): an Internet-based randomized trial in coronary artery disease patients with hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1228–1237
  11. Messerli FH, Mancia G, Conti CR, et al. Dogma disputed: can aggressively lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease be dangerous?. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:884–893
  12. Bangalore S, Messerli FH, Franklin SS, et al. Pulse pressure and risk of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease: an INternational VErapamil SR-trandolapril STudy (INVEST) analysis. Eur Heart J. 2009;30:1395–1401
  13. Suissa S. Immortal time bias in pharmaco-epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167:492–499
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  18. Bestehorn HP, Neumann FJ, Büttner HJ, et al. Evaluation of the effect of oral verapamil on clinical outcome and angiographic restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention: the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter Verapamil Slow-Release for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events After Angioplasty (VESPA) Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:2160–2165
  19. Jackson JD, Muhlestein JB, Bunch TJ, et al. Intermountain Heart Collaborative Study Group Beta-blockers reduce the incidence of clinical restenosis: prospective study of 4840 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization. Am Heart J. 2003;145:875–881
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 Funding: Financial support for this research: None. Financial support for original INVEST: University of Florida (Gainesville, Fla); Abbott Laboratories (Abbott Park, Ill).

 Conflict of Interest: Potential conflicts of interest: Dr. Denardo: None; Dr. Gong: None; Dr. Nichols: None; Dr. Messerli: Abbott Laboratories (ad hoc consultant; speaker); Dr. Cooper-DeHoff: Abbott Laboratories (grant); Dr. Handberg: Abbott Laboratories (grant); Ms. Champion: Abbott Laboratories (employee; stock/stock options); Dr. Pepine: Abbott Laboratories (grant; ad hoc consultant).

 Authorship: All authors had access to the data and a role in writing the manuscript.

PII: S0002-9343(10)00343-8

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.02.014

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 123, Issue 8 , Pages 719-726 , August 2010

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