The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 123, Issue 4 , Pages 329-334 , April 2010

Optimization of Clinical Breast Examination

  • William H. Goodson III, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, Calif
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests should be addressed to William H. Goodson III, MD, 2100 Webster Street #401, San Francisco, CA 94115
    • ,
  • Thomas K. Hunt, MD

      Affiliations

    • Anchorage Neighborhood Health Center, Anchorage, Alaska
    • ,
  • Julia N. Plotnik, RN

      Affiliations

    • Anchorage Neighborhood Health Center, Anchorage, Alaska
    • ,
  • Dan H. Moore II, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, Calif
    • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco

References 

  1. Yarnall KS, Pollak KI, Ostbye T, et al. Primary care: is there enough time for prevention?. Am J Public Health. 2003;93:635–641
  2. Burns RB, Freund KM, Ash AS, et al. As mammography use increases, are some providers omitting clinical breast examination?. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:741–744
  3. Green BB, Taplin SH. Breast cancer screening controversies. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2003;16:233–241
  4. Goodson WH, Grissom NA, Moore DH, Dribas FM. Streamlining clinical breast examination. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97:1476–1477
  5. Coleman EA, Feuer EJ NCI Breast Cancer Screening Consortium. Breast cancer screening among women 65 to 74 years of age in 1987-88 and 1991. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:961–966
  6. Chagpar AB, McMasters KM. Trends in mammography and clinical breast examination: a population-based study. J Surg Res. 2007;140:214–219
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  9. Vetto JT, Petty JK, Dunn N, et al. Structured clinical breast exam (CBE) training results in objective improvement in CBE skills. J Cancer Educ. 2002;17:124–127
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  16. Bancej C, Decker K, Chiarelli A, et al. Contribution of clinical breast examination to mammography screening in the early detection of breast cancer. J Med Screen. 2003;10:16–21
  17. Parsons HM. What happened at Hawthorne?: new evidence suggests the Hawthorne effect resulted from operant reinforcement contingencies. Science. 1974;183:922–932
  18. Dexter PR, Perkins S, Overhage JM, et al. A computerized reminder system to increase the use of preventive care for hospitalized patients. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:965–970
  19. Steiner E, Austin DF, Prouser NC. Detection and description of small breast masses by residents using a standardized clinical breast exam curriculum. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;23:129–134
  20. Collins JF, Lieberman DA, Durbin TE, et al. Accuracy of screening for fecal occult blood on a single stool sample obtained by digital rectal examination: a comparison with recommended sampling practice. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:81–85
  21. Khan NA, Rahim SA, Anand SS, et al. Does the clinical examination predict lower extremity peripheral arterial disease?. JAMA. 2006;295:536–546

 Funding: Various donor funds held in the California Pacific Medical Center Foundation, San Francisco, California. No donations were from commercial entities.

 Conflict of Interest: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest associated with the work presented in this manuscript.

 Authorship: All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing this manuscript.

PII: S0002-9343(09)01056-0

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.08.023

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 123, Issue 4 , Pages 329-334 , April 2010

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