The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 123, Issue 2 , Pages 134-140 , February 2010

Warfarin Use and Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Complicating Acute Coronary Syndromes

  • Renato D. Lopes, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests should be addressed to Renato D. Lopes, MD, PhD, Duke University Medical Center Box 3850, Durham, NC 27710
    • ,
  • Aijing Starr

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • Carl F. Pieper, DPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • Sana M. Al-Khatib, MD, MHS

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • L. Kristin Newby, MD, MHS

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • Rajendra H. Mehta, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • Frans Van de Werf, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg and Leuven Coordinating Center, Leuven, Belgium
    • ,
  • Kenneth W. Mahaffey, MD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • Paul W. Armstrong, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
    • ,
  • Robert A. Harrington, MD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
    • ,
  • Harvey D. White, DSc

      Affiliations

    • Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
    • ,
  • Lars Wallentin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala, Sweden
    • ,
  • Christopher B. Granger, MD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC

References 

  1. Goldberg RJ, Seeley D, Becker RC, et al. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the in-hospital and long-term survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. Am Heart J. 1990;119:996–1001
  2. Pedersen OD, Baggar H, Køber L, Torp-Perdersen C. The occurrence and prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation/-flutter following acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 1999;20:748–754
  3. Pizzetti F, Turazza FM, Franzosi MG, et al. Incidence and prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction: the GISSI-3 data. Heart. 2001;86:527–532
  4. Lopes RD, Pieper KS, Horton JR, et al. Short- and long-term outcomes following atrial fibrillation in patients with acute coronary syndromes with or without ST-segment elevation. Heart. 2008;94:867–873
  5. Crenshaw BS, Ward SR, Granger CB, et al. Atrial fibrillation in the setting of acute myocardial infarction: the GUSTO-I experience. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30:406–413
  6. Rathore SS, Berger AK, Weinfurt KP, et al. Acute myocardial infarction complicated by atrial fibrillation in the elderly: prevalence and outcomes. Circulation. 2000;101:969–974
  7. Al-Khatib SM, Pieper KS, Lee KL, et al. Atrial fibrillation and mortality among patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation: results from the PURSUIT trial. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88:76–79
  8. Hart RG, Benavente O, McBride R, Pearce LA. Antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1999;131:492–501
  9. Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, et al. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA. 2001;285:2864–2870
  10. Beyth RJ, Quinn LM, Landefeld CS. Prospective evaluation of an index for predicting the risk or major bleeding in outpatients treated with warfarin. Am J Med. 1998;105:91–99
  11. The PURSUIT Investigators. Inhibition of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa with eptifibatide in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:436–443
  12. The PARAGON-B Investigators. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of titrated intravenous lamifiban for acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2002;105:316–321
  13. Ferguson JJ, Califf RM, Antman EM, et al. Enoxaparin vs unfractionated heparin in high-risk patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes managed with an intended early invasive strategy: primary results of the SYNERGY randomized trial. JAMA. 2004;292:45–54
  14. Mahaffey KW, Yang Q, Pieper KS, et al. Prediction of one-year survival in high-risk patients with acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23:310–316
  15. Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2006;114:e257–e354
  16. Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:e1–e157
  17. Rothberg MB, Celestin C, Fiore LD, et al. Warfarin plus aspirin after myocardial infarction or the acute coronary syndrome: meta-analysis with estimates of risk and benefit. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143:241–250
  18. Stenestrand U, Lindbäck J, Wallentin L. Anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation in combination with acute myocardial infarction influences long-term outcome: a prospective cohort study from the Register of Information and Knowledge About Swedish Heart Intensive Care Admissions (RIKS-HIA). Circulation. 2005;112:3225–3231
  19. Task Force for Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes of European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1598–1660
  20. Lopes RD, Elliott LE, White HD, et al. Antithrombotic therapy and outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation following primary percutaneous coronary intervention: results from the APEX-AMI trial. Eur Heart J. 2009;30:2019–2028
  21. Siu CW, Jim MH, Ho HH, et al. Transient atrial fibrillation complicating acute inferior myocardial infarction: implications for future risk of ischemic stroke. Chest. 2007;132:44–49

 Funding: The Duke Clinical Research Institute.

 Conflict of Interest: The authors state that they have no conflict of interest regarding the content of the article.

 Authorship: All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing this manuscript.

PII: S0002-9343(09)00876-6

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.09.015

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 123, Issue 2 , Pages 134-140 , February 2010

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