The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 122, Issue 12 , Pages 1128-1135 , December 2009

Cryofibrinogenemia: New Insights into Clinical and Pathogenic Features

  • David Saadoun, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 University, Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
    • ,
  • Ismail Elalamy, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Laboratory of Haemostasis, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
    • ,
  • Pascale Ghillani-Dalbin

      Affiliations

    • Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
    • ,
  • Damien Sene, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 University, Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
    • ,
  • Aurelien Delluc, MD

      Affiliations

    • Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 University, Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
    • ,
  • Patrice Cacoub, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 University, Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests should be addressed to Patrice Cacoub, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CNRS, UMR 7087, Paris, F-75013 France

References 

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  2. Stathakis NE, Karamanolis D, Koukoulis G, Tsianos E. Characterization of cryofibrinogen isolated from patients plasma. Haemostasis. 1981;10:195–202
  3. Amdo TD, Welker JA. An approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cryofibrinogenemia. Am J Med. 2004;116:332–337
  4. Blanco R, Martinez-Taboada VM, Rodriguez-Valverde V, et al. Henoch-Schonlein purpura in adulthood and childhood: two different expressions of the same syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40:859–864
  5. Glueck HI, Herrmann LG. Cold-precipitable fibrinogen, “cryofibrinogen”. Arch Intern Med. 1964;113:748–757
  6. Smith SB, Arkin C. Cryofibrinogenemia: incidence, clinical correlations, and a review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol. 1972;58:524–530
  7. Jager BV. Cryofibrinogenemia. N Engl J Med. 1962;266:579–583
  8. Griswold WR, Simon G, McIntosh RM. Anaphylactoid purpura, cold exposure, and cryofibrinogenemia. Ann Intern Med. 1973;78:611
  9. Falanga V, Kirsner RS, Eaglstein WH, et al. Stanozolol in treatment of leg ulcers due to cryofibrinogenaemia. Lancet. 1991;338:347–348
  10. Copeman PW. Cryofibrinogenaemia and skin ulcers: treatment with plasmapheresis. Br J Dermatol. 1979;101(Suppl 17):57–58
  11. Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Diebold J, et al. World Health Organization classification of neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues: report of the Clinical Advisory Committee meeting-Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:3835–3849
  12. Gerotziafas GT, Depasse F, Busson J, et al. Towards a standardization of thrombin generation assessment: the influence of tissue factor, platelets and phospholipids concentration on the normal values of Thrombogram-Thrombinoscope assay. Thromb J. 2005;3:16
  13. Elalamy I, Chakroun T, Gerotziafas GT, et al. Circulating platelet-leukocyte aggregates: a marker of microvascular injury in diabetic patients. Thromb Res. 2008;121:843–848Epub 2007 Sep 1
  14. Nagy J, Ambrus M, Paal M, et al. Cryoglobulinaemia and cryofibrinogenaemia in IgA nephropathy: a follow-up study. Nephron. 1987;46:337–342
  15. Sawada K, Takahashi R, Saniabadi AR, et al. Elevated plasma cryofibrinogen in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease is morbigenous. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12:1621–1625
  16. Wulffraat N, Meyer KJ, Zegers BJ, Kuis W. Familial presence of primary cryofibrinogenaemia, a report of three cases. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35:102–104
  17. Euler HH, Zeuner RA, Beress R, et al. Monoclonal cryo-antifibrinogenemia. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:1066–1069
  18. Rachmilewitz EA, Sacks MI, Zlotnick A. Essential cryofibrinogenemia (Clinical, pathological and immunological studies). Isr J Med Sci. 1970;6:32–43
  19. Blain H, Cacoub P, Musset L, et al. Cryofibrinogenaemia: a study of 49 patients. Clin Exp Immunol. 2000;120:253–260
  20. Kalbfleisch JM, Bird RM. Cryofibrinogenemia. N Engl J Med. 1960;263:881–886
  21. Delluc A, Saadoun D, Ghillani-Dalbin P, et al. Cryofibrinogen in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Am J Med. 2008;121:624–631
  22. Belizna CC, Tron F, Joly P, et al. Outcome of essential cryofibrinogenaemia in a series of 61 patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008;47:205–207
  23. Saadoun D, Sellam J, Ghillani-Dalbin P, et al. Increased risks of lymphoma and death among patients with non-hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2101–2108
  24. Kirsner RS, Eaglstein WH, Katz MH, et al. Stanozolol causes rapid pain relief and healing of cutaneous ulcers caused by cryofibrinogenemia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;28:71–74
  25. Rubegni P, Flori ML, Fimiani M, Andreassi L. A case of cryofibrinogenaemia responsive to stanozolol. Br J Haematol. 1996;93:217–219

 Funding: Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 University and AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.

 Conflict of Interest: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest associated with the work presented in this manuscript.

 Authorship: All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing this manuscript.

PII: S0002-9343(09)00774-8

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.03.040

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 122, Issue 12 , Pages 1128-1135 , December 2009

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