The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 122, Issue 8 , Pages 770-777 , August 2009

The Spectrum and Presentation of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis

  • Rodney D. Adam

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Medicine and Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Rodney D. Adam, MD, Infectious Disease Section, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724-5039
    • ,
  • Sean P. Elliott

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
    • ,
  • Mihra S. Taljanovic

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson

References 

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  2. Larwood TR. Coccidioidin skin testing in Kern County, California: decrease in infection rate over 58 years. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;30:612–613
  3. Smith CE, Beard RR. Varieties of coccidioidal infection in relation to the epidemiology and control of the diseases. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1946;36:1394–1402
  4. Valdivia L, Nix D, Wright M, et al. Coccidioidomycosis as a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:958–962
  5. Bergstrom L, Yocum DE, Ampel NM, et al. Increased risk of coccidioidomycosis in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:1959–1966
  6. Blair JE, Logan JL. Coccidioidomycosis in solid organ transplantation. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:1536–1544
  7. Blair JE. Coccidioidomycosis in patients who have undergone transplantation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1111:365–376
  8. Bronnimann DA, Adam RD, Galgiani JN, et al. Coccidioidomycosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:372–379
  9. Ampel NM, Ryan KJ, Carry PJ, et al. Fungemia due to Coccidioides immitis (An analysis of 16 episodes in 15 patients and a review of the literature). Medicine (Baltimore). 1986;65:312–321
  10. Pappagianis D, Zimmer BL. Serology of coccidioidomycosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1990;3:247–268
  11. Wieden MA, Galgiani JN, Pappagianis D. Comparison of immunodiffusion techniques with standard complement fixation assay for quantitation of coccidioidal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1983;18:529–534
  12. Pappagianis D. Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis. Curr Top Med Mycol. 1988;2:199–238
  13. Louie L, Ng S, Hajjeh R, et al. Influence of host genetics on the severity of coccidioidomycosis. Emerg Infect Dis. 1999;5:672–680
  14. Sievers ML. Disseminated coccidioidomycosis among southwestern American Indians. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1974;109:602–612
  15. Sievers ML, Fisher JR. Decreasing incidence of disseminated coccidioidomycosis among Piman and San Carlos Apache Indians (A probable environmental basis). Chest. 1982;82:455–460
  16. Rempe S, Sachdev MS, Bhakta R, et al. Coccidioides immitis fungemia: clinical features and survival in 33 adult patients. Heart Lung. 2007;36:64–71
  17. Pappagianis D. Serologic studies in coccidioidomycosis. Semin Respir Infect. 2001;16:242–250
  18. Pappagianis D. Current and future approaches to the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. In:  Einstein HE,  Catanzaro A editor. Coccidioidomycosis: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference. Bethesda, MD: National Foundation for Infectious Diseases; 1996;p. 116–128
  19. Bried JM, Galgiani JN. Coccidioides immitis infections in bones and joints. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986;211:235–243
  20. Kushwaha VP, Shaw BA, Gerardi JA, Oppenheim WL. Musculoskeletal coccidioidomycosis (A review of 25 cases). Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996;332:190–199

 Funding: None.

 Conflict of Interest: None.

 Authorship: All authors had access to the data and had a role in writing the manuscript.

PII: S0002-9343(09)00332-5

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.12.024

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 122, Issue 8 , Pages 770-777 , August 2009

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