« Previous
Next »
The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 121, Issue 12
, Pages 1058-1064
, December 2008
Immunity from Smallpox Vaccine Persists for Decades: A Longitudinal Study
References
- . Bioterrorism (Smallpox vaccinations: how much protection remains?). Science. 2001;294(5544):985
- . Responses to smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(9):689–690
- . Transmission potential of smallpox in contemporary populations. Nature. 2001;414(6865):748–751
- . The looming threat of bioterrorism. Science. 1999;283(5406):1279–1282
- Smallpox as a biological weapon: medical and public health management (Working Group on Civilian Biodefense). JAMA. 1999;281(22):2127–2137
- . Emergency response to a smallpox attack: the case for mass vaccination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(16):10935–10940
- . Modeling potential responses to smallpox as a bioterrorist weapon. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7(6):959–969
- . Smallpox: anything to declare?. Nat Rev Immunol. 2002;2(7):521–527
- . Normal human aging: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (NIH Publication No. 84-2450). Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 1984;
- . Development and use of a vaccinia virus neutralization assay based on flow cytometric detection of green fluorescent protein. J Virol. 2003;77(19):10684–10688
- . Immunity and immunological memory following smallpox vaccination. Immunol Rev. 2006;211:320–337
- . Immunological memory to viral infection. Curr Opin Immunol. 2004;16(4):443–450
- . New data in a 200-year investigation. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38(1):90–91
- . The antibody response in man following infection with viruses of the pox group (III. Antibody response in smallpox). J Hyg (Lond). 1958;56(4):479–487
- . Analysis of historical data suggests long-lasting protective effects of smallpox vaccination. Am J Epidemiol. 2003;158(8):717–723
- The persistence of neutralizing antibodies after revaccination against smallpox. J Infect Dis. 1990;161(3):446–448
- Detection for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus RNA in stool of SARS patients. [Chinese] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi [Chinese J Prev Med]. 2004;38(2):90–91
- . Smallpox in Europe, 1950-1971. J Infect Dis. 1972;125(2):161–169
- . The antibody response in man following infection with viruses of the pox group (II. Antibody response following vaccination). J Hyg (Lond). 1958;56(4):466–478
- . Renal lymphoma associated with Castleman's disease. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2004;38(1):90–91
- . Comparison of the profiles of hypertensive patients seen at the emergency department and in ambulatory care. [Portuguese] Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2004;38(1):90–98
- . A prospective study of serum antibody and protection against smallpox. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1972;21(2):214–218
- . The minimum protective level of antibodies in smallpox. Bull World Health Organ. 1975;52(3):307–311
- Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination. Nat Med. 2003;9(9):1131–1137
- Primary induction of human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and interferon-gamma-producing T cells after smallpox vaccination. J Infect Dis. 2002;185(11):1657–1659
- Age distribution for T cell reactivity to vaccinia virus in a healthy population. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38(1):86–89
- Clinical and immune responses after revaccination of israeli adults with the Lister strain of vaccinia virus. J Infect Dis. 2004;190(7):1295–1302
- . Clinical relevance of age-related immune dysfunction. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31(2):578–585
- Dysregulation of T-cell function in the elderly: scientific basis and clinical implications. Drugs Aging. 2005;22(7):589–603
- Trends in infectious diseases mortality in the United States. JAMA. 1996;275(3):189–193
- Clinical responses to undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(17):1265–1274
Funding: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health.
Conflict of interest: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest associated with the work presented in this manuscript.
Authorship: All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing this manuscript.
PII: S0002-9343(08)00840-1
doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.08.019
« Previous
Next »
The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 121, Issue 12
, Pages 1058-1064
, December 2008

