The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 120, Issue 10, Supplement 2 , Pages S35-S41 , October 2007

The Pharmacoeconomics of Deep Vein Thrombosis Treatment

  • Andrew F. Shorr, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Andrew F. Shorr, MD, MPH, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service,Washington Hospital Center, 110 Irving Street NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20010.

References 

  1. Thom T, Haase N, Rosamond W, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2006 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2006;113:e85–e151
  2. de Lissovoy G. Economic issues in the treatment and prevention of deep vein thrombosis from a managed care perspective. Am J Manag Care. 2001;7(suppl 17):S535–S538
  3. Dranitsaris G, Kahn SR, Stumpo C, et al. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of fondaparinux versus enoxaparin for the prevention of thromboembolic events in orthopedic surgery patients. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2004;4:325–333
  4. Jones TE, Smith BJ, Polasek JF. Pharmacoeconomics of low-molecular-weight heparins: limitations of studies comparing them to unfractionated heparin. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004;5:1887–1897
  5. Martel N, Lee J, Wells PS. Risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin thromboprophylaxis: a meta-analysis. Blood. 2005;106:2710–2715
  6. Bergqvist D, Jendteg S, Johansen L, Persson U, Odegaard K. Cost of long-term complications of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities: an analysis of a defined patient population in Sweden. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:454–457
  7. Buller HR, Agnelli G, Hull RD, Hyers TM, Prins MH, Raskob GE. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(suppl 3):401S–428S
  8. Nutescu EA, Shapiro NL, Chevalier A, Amin AN. A pharmacologic overview of current and emerging anticoagulants. Cleve Clin J Med. 2005;72(suppl 1):S2–S6
  9. Siragusa S, Cosmi B, Piovella F, Hirsh J, Ginsberg JS. Low-molecular-weight heparins and unfractionated heparin in the treatment of patients with acute venous thromboembolism: results of a meta-analysis. Am J Med. 1996;100:269–277
  10. van Dongen CJ, van den Belt AG, Prins MH, Lensing AW. Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(4):CD001100
  11. Spyropoulos AC, Hurley JS, Ciesla GN, de Lissovoy G. Management of acute proximal deep vein thrombosis: pharmacoeconomic evaluation of outpatient treatment with enoxaparin vs inpatient treatment with unfractionated heparin. Chest. 2002;122:108–114
  12. Gould MK, Dembitzer AD, Sanders GD, Garber AM. Low-molecular-weight heparins compared with unfractionated heparin for treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:789–799
  13. Savi P, Chong BH, Greinacher A, et al. Effect of fondaparinux on platelet activation in the presence of heparin-dependent antibodies: a blinded comparative multicenter study with unfractionated heparin. Blood. 2005;105:139–144
  14. Reynolds NA, Perry CM, Scott LJ. Fondaparinux sodium: a review of its use in the prevention of venous thromboembolism following major orthopaedic surgery. Drugs. 2004;64:1575–1596
  15. Buller HR, Davidson BL, Decousus H, et al. Fondaparinux or enoxaparin for the initial treatment of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:867–873
  16. Shorr AF, Jackson WL, Moores LK, Warkentin TE. Minimizing costs for treating deep vein thrombosis: the role for fondaparinux. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2007;23:229–236
  17. Aujesky D, Smith KJ, Cornuz J, Roberts MS. Cost-effectiveness of low-molecular-weight heparin for treatment of pulmonary embolism. Chest. 2005;128:1601–1610
  18. Buller HR, Davidson BL, Decousus H, et al. Subcutaneous fondaparinux versus intravenous unfractionated heparin in the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1695–1702
  19. Gould MK, Dembitzer AD, Doyle RL, Hastie TJ, Garber AM. Low-molecular-weight heparins compared with unfractionated heparin for treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:800–809
  20. McGarry LJ, Thompson D, Weinstein MC, Goldhaber SZ. Cost effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis with a low-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in acutely ill medical inpatients. Am J Manag Care. 2004;10:632–642
  21. Prandoni P, Siragusa S, Girolami B, Fabris F. The incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in medical patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin: a prospective cohort study. Blood. 2005;106:3049–3054
  22. Warkentin TE, Cook RJ, Marder VJ, et al. Anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies in orthopedic surgery patients receiving antithrombotic prophylaxis with fondaparinux or enoxaparin. Blood. 2005;106:3791–3796
  23. Merli G, Spiro TE, Olsson CG, et al. Subcutaneous enoxaparin once or twice daily compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin for treatment of venous thromboembolic disease. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:191–202
  24. ARIXTRA. [package insert] Research Triangle Park, NC: GlaxoSmithKline; 2005;
  25. Davidson BL, Buller HR, Decousus H, et al. In: Outcomes in obese patients of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis treatment with fondaparinux or low–molecular-weight heparins: the MATISSE trials. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis; August 5, 2005; Sydney, Australia. 2005;
  26. LOVENOX. [package insert] Bridgewater, NJ: Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc; 2005;
  27. Innohep. [package insert] Boulder, CO: Pharmion Corporation; 2003;
  28. Michota F, Merli G. Anticoagulation in special patient populations: are special dosing considerations required?. Cleve Clin J Med. 2005;72(suppl 1):S37–S42
  29. Efird LE, Kockler DR. Fondaparinux for thromboembolic treatment and prophylaxis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Pharmacother. 2006;40:1383–1387
  30. Harenberg J, Jorg I, Fenyvesi T. Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with fondaparinux. Haematologica. 2004;89:1017–1018
  31. Kovacs MJ. Successful treatment of heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) with fondaparinux. Thromb Haemost. 2005;93:999–1000
  32. Kuo KH, Kovacs MJ. Fondaparinux: a potential new therapy for HIT. Hematology. 2005;10:271–275
  33. Spruill WJ, Wade WE, Leslie RB. A cost analysis of fondaparinux versus enoxaparin in total knee arthroplasty. Am J Ther. 2004;11:3–8
  34. Sullivan SD, Davidson BL, Kahn SR, Muntz JE, Oster G, Raskob G. A cost-effectiveness analysis of fondaparinux sodium compared with enoxaparin sodium as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism: use in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. Pharmacoeconomics. 2004;22:605–620
  35. Bauer KA, Eriksson BI, Lassen MR, Turpie AG. Fondaparinux compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective major knee surgery. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1305–1310
  36. Shorr AF, Jackson WL, Weiss BM, Moores LK. Low-molecular weight heparin for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients: results from a cost-effectiveness analysis. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2007;18:309–316
  37. Knight KK, Wong J, Hauch O, Wygant G, Aguilar D, Ofman JJ. Economic and utilization outcomes associated with choice of treatment for venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients. Value Health. 2005;8:191–200
  38. Stein PD, Hull RD, Kayali F, Ghali WA, Alshab AK, Olson RE. Venous thromboembolism according to age: the impact of an aging population. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:2260–2265

 Please see the Conflict of Interest section at the end of this article.

PII: S0002-9343(07)00742-5

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.08.012

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 120, Issue 10, Supplement 2 , Pages S35-S41 , October 2007