The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 120, Issue 3, Supplement 1 , Pages S1-S2 , March 2007

Introduction

  • Sidney C. Smith Jr, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Sidney C. Smith, Jr., MD, UNC Center for Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Road, Suite 4128, CB # 7075, Bioinformatics Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599.

References 

  1. Mokdad AH, Bowman BA, Ford ES, Vinicor F, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 2001;286:1195–1200
  2. Mokdad AH, Serdula MK, Dietz WH, Bowman BA, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The spread of the obesity epidemic in the United States, 1991–1998. JAMA. 1999;282:1519–1522
  3. Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Diabetes trends in the U.S.: 1990–1998. Diabetes Care. 2000;23:1278–1283
  4. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation. 2005;112:2735–2752
  5. National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106:3143–3421
  6. Wannamethee SG, Shaper G, Lennon L, Morris RW. Metabolic syndrome vs Framingham risk score for prediction of coronary heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2644–2650
  7. Ridker PM, Wilson PW, Grundy SM. Should C-reactive protein be added to metabolic syndrome and to assessment of global cardiovascular risk?. Circulation. 2004;109:2818–2825
  8. Ryo M, Nakamura T, Kihara S, et al. Adiponectin as a biomarker of the metabolic syndrome. Circ J. 2004;68:975–981
  9. Hanley AJ, Williams K, Festa A, et al. Elevations in markers of liver injury and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Diabetes. 2004;53:2623–2632
  10. Pladevall M, Singal B, Williams LK, et al. A single factor underlies the metabolic syndrome: a confirmatory factor analysis. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:113–122
  11. Kahn R, Buse J, Ferrannini E, Stern M. The metabolic syndrome: time for a critical appraisal. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:2289–2304
  12. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393–403
  13. Engeli S, Bohnke J, Feldpausch M, et al. Activation of the peripheral endocannabinoid system in human obesity. Diabetes. 2005;54:2838–2843
  14. Van Gaal LF, Rissanen AM, Scheen AJ, Ziegler O, Rossner S RIO-Europe Study Group. Effects of the cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker rimonabant on weight reduction and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight patients: 1-year experience for the RIO-Europe study. Lancet. 2005;365:1389–1397
  15. Despres JP, Golay A, Sjostrom L Rimonabant in Obesity-Lipids Study Group. Effects of rimonabant on metabolic risk factors in overweight patients with dyslipidemia. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:2121–2134
  16. Pi-Sunyer FX, Aronne LJ, Heshmati HM, Devin J, Rosenstock J RIO-North American Study Group. Effect of rimonabant, a cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker, on weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese patients (RIO-North America: a randomized controlled trial). JAMA. 2006;295:761–779
  17. Scheen AJ, Finer N, Hollander P, Jensen MD, Van Gaal LF RIO-Diabetes Study Group. Efficacy and tolerability of rimonabant in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study. Lancet. 2006;368:1660–1672
  18. Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA. 2002;287:356–359

PII: S0002-9343(07)00031-9

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.01.001

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 120, Issue 3, Supplement 1 , Pages S1-S2 , March 2007

Article Tools