The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 118, Issue 5 , Pages 529-535 , May 2005

Is hospital service associated with racial and ethnic disparities in experiences with hospital care?

  • LeRoi S. Hicks, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine
    • Brigham and Women’s-Faulkner Hospitalist Program, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    • Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
    • ,
  • John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine
    • Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
    • ,
  • E. John Orav, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine
    • ,
  • Jane Soukup, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine
    • ,
  • J. Michael McWilliams, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine
    • ,
  • Sharon S. Choi, MS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Women’s Health
    • ,
  • Paula A. Johnson, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine
    • Division of Women’s Health
    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to: Paula A. Johnson, MD, MPH, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115; telephone: 617-732-8985; fax: 617-264-5191

References 

  1. Eisenberg JM . Sociologic influences on decision-making by clinicians . Ann Intern Med . 1979;90:957–964
  2. Levy DR . White doctors and black patients (influence of race on the doctor- patient relationship) . Pediatrics . 1985;75:639–643
  3. Moy E , Bartman BA . Physician race and care of minority and medically indigent patients . JAMA . 1995;273:1515–1520
  4. Cooper-Patrick L , Gallo JJ , Gonzales JJ , et al.   Race, gender, and partnership in the patient-physician relationship . JAMA . 1999;282:583–589
  5. Dedier J , Penson R , Williams W , Lynch T . Race, ethnicity, and the patient-caregiver relationship . Oncologist . 1999;4:325–331
  6. Howard DL , Penchansky R , Brown MB . Disaggregating the effects of race on breast cancer survival . Fam Med . 1998;30:228–235
  7. Hunter CP , Redmond CK , Chen VW , et al.   Breast cancer (factors associated with stage at diagnosis in black and white women) . Black/White Cancer Survival Study Group. J Natl Cancer Inst . 1993;85:1129–1137
  8. Horner RD , Lawler FH , Hainer BL . Relationship between patient race and survival following admission to intensive care among patients of primary care physicians . Health Serv Res . 1991;26:531–542
  9. Ebell MH , Smith M , Kruse JA , et al.   Effect of race on survival following in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation . J Fam Pract . 1995;40:571–577
  10. Ayanian JZ , Cleary PD , Weissman JS , Epstein AM . The effect of patients’ preferences on racial differences in access to renal transplantation . N Engl J Med . 1999;341:1661–1669
  11. Ayanian JZ , Udvarhelyi IS , Gatsonis CA , et al.   Racial differences in the use of revascularization procedures after coronary angiography . JAMA . 1993;269:2642–2646
  12. Anderson KO , Mendoza TR , Valero V , et al.   Minority cancer patients and their providers (pain management attitudes and practice) . Cancer . 2000;88:1929–1938
  13. Wenger NS , Kanouse DE , Collins RL , et al.   End-of-life discussions and preferences among persons with HIV . JAMA . 2001;285:2880–2887
  14. Walkup JT , McAlpine DD , Olfson M , et al.   Patients with schizophrenia at risk for excessive antipsychotic dosing . J Clin Psychiatry . 2000;61:344–348
  15. Schneider AE , Davis RB , Phillips RS . Discussion of hormone replacement therapy between physicians and their patients . Am J Med Qual . 2000;15:143–147
  16. Johnson PA , Lee TH , Cook EF , et al.   Effect of race on the presentation and management of patients with acute chest pain . Ann Intern Med . 1993;118:593–601
  17. Auerbach AD , Hamel MB , Califf RM , et al.   Patient characteristics associated with care by a cardiologist among adults hospitalized with severe congestive heart failure. SUPPORT Investigators . Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments. J Am Coll Cardiol . 2000;36:2119–2125
  18. Young GJ , Meterko M , Desai KR . Patient satisfaction with hospital care (effects of demographic and institutional characteristics) . Medical Care . 2000;38:325–334
  19. Tucker JL , Kelley VA . The influence of patient sociodemographic characteristics on patient satisfaction . Military Med . 2000;165:72–76
  20. Silverman M , Lave J , Musa D , et al.   Medicare HMOs (the experience of older African Americans and whites) . Health Soc Policy . 2000;12:1–21
  21. Murray-Garcia JL , Selby JV , Schmittdiel J , et al.   Racial and ethnic differences in a patient survey (patients’ values, ratings, and reports regarding physician primary care performance in a large health maintenance organization) . Med Care . 2000;38:300–310
  22. Morales LS , Reise SP , Hays RD . Evaluating the equivalence of health care ratings by whites and Hispanics . Med Care . 2000;38:517–527
  23. LaVeist TA , Nickerson KJ , Bowie JV . Attitudes about racism, medical mistrust, and satisfaction with care among African American and white cardiac patients . Med Care Res Rev . 2000;57:146–161
  24. Doescher MP , Saver BG , Franks P , Fiscella K . Racial and ethnic disparities in perceptions of physician style and trust . Arch Fam Med . 2000;9:1156–1163
  25. Carlson MJ , Blustein J , Fiorentino N , Prestianni F . Socioeconomic status and dissatisfaction among HMO enrollees . Med Care . 2000;38:508–516
  26. Morales LS , Cunningham WE , Brown JA , et al.   Are Latinos less satisfied with communication by health care providers? . J Gen Intern Med . 1999;14:409–417
  27. Carrasquillo O , Orav EJ , Brennan TA , Burstin HR . Impact of language barriers on patient satisfaction in an emergency department . J Gen Intern Med . 1999;14:82–87
  28. Cleary PD , Edgman-Levitan S , Roberts M , et al.   Patients evaluate their hospital care (a national survey) . Health Aff . 1991;10:254–267
  29. Kravitz RL , Bell RA , Azari R , et al.   Direct observation of requests for clinical services in office practice (what do patients want and do they get it?) . Arch Intern Med . 2003;163:1673–1681
  30. Thom DH , Kravitz RL , Bell RA , et al.   Patient trust in the physician (relationship to patient requests) . Fam Pract . 2002;19:476–483
  31. Bell RA , Kravitz RL , Thom D , et al.   Unmet expectations for care and the patient-physician relationship . J Gen Intern Med . 2002;17:817–824
  32. Kerr EA , Hays RD , Mitchinson A , et al.   The influence of gatekeeping and utilization review on patient satisfaction . J Gen Intern Med . 1999;14:287–296
  33. Hargraves JL , Wilson IB , Zaslavsky A , et al.   Adjusting for patient characteristics when analyzing reports from patients about hospital care . Med Care . 2001;39:635–641
  34. Hostetler MA , Auinger P , Szilagyi PG . Parenteral analgesic and sedative use among ED patients in the United States (combined results from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) 1992–1997) . Am J Emerg Med . 2002;20:139–143
  35. Weinick RM , Zuvekas SH , Cohen JW . Racial and ethnic differences in access to and use of health care services, 1977 to 1996 . Med Care Res Rev . 2000;57:36–54

PII: S0002-9343(05)00098-7

doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.02.012

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 118, Issue 5 , Pages 529-535 , May 2005

Article Tools