The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 115, Issue 1 , Pages 72-73 , July 2003

Lyme disease without erythema migrans: cause for concern?

References 

  1. Steere AC, Dhar A, Hernandez J, et al.  Systemic symptoms without erythema migrans as the presenting picture of early Lyme disease. Am J Med. 2003;114:58–62
  2. Bransfield R, Brand S, Sherr V. Treatment of patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme disease. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1424–1425
  3. Bockenstedt LK, Mao J, Hodzic E, Barthold SW, Fish D. Detection of attenuated, noninfectious spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice after antibiotic treatment. J Infect Dis. 2002;186:1430–1437
  4. Stricker RB, Burrascano J, Winger E. Long-term decrease in the CD57 lymphocyte subset in a patient with chronic Lyme disease. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2002;9:111–113
  5. Oksi J, Marjamaki M, Nikoskelainen J, Viljanen MK. Borrelia burgdorferi detected by culture and PCR in clinical relapse of disseminated Lyme borreliosis. Ann Med. 1999;31:225–232
  6. Porcella SF, Schwan TG. Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum (a comparison of functional genomics, environmental adaptations, and pathogenic mechanisms). J Clin Invest. 2001;107:651–656
  7. Doherty A. Lots of links on Lyme Disease 2003. Available at: http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Oasis/6455/lyme-links.html. Accessed March 1, 2003
  8. Stricker RB, Winger EE. Normalization of the CD57 natural killer cell subset associated with prolonged antibiotic therapy in patients with chronic Lyme disease. Clin Immunol. 2002;103(suppl):S117–S118
  9. Brown SL, Hanson SL, Langone JJ. Role of serology in the diagnosis of Lyme disease. JAMA. 1999;282:62–66
  10. Stricker RB, Harris NS, Yong DC, Winger EE. Clinical and seroepidemiologic characteristics of Babesia WA-1 coinfection in patients with Lyme disease in California. J Invest Med. 2003;51(suppl 1):S145
  11. Thomas V, Anguita J, Barthold SW, Fikrig E. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis alters murine immune responses, pathogen burden, and severity of Lyme arthritis. Infect Immun. 2001;69:3359–3371
  12. Lautin A, McNeil EL, Liegner KB, Stricker RB, Sigal LH. Lyme disease controversy (Use and misuse of language). Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:775–777

PII: S0002-9343(03)00244-4

doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00244-4

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 115, Issue 1 , Pages 72-73 , July 2003

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