The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 111, Issue 8, Supplement 1 , Pages 60-63 , 3 December 2001

An overview of reflux-associated disorders in infants: apnea, laryngospasm, and aspiration

  • Susan R. Orenstein, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Susan R. Orenstein, MD, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, One Children’s Place, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 USA
    • Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

References 

  1. Mansfield LE. Embryonic origins of the relationship of GERD and airway disease. Am J Med. 2001; 111:xx–xx..
  2. Kahn A, Rebuffat E, Franco P, et al.  Apparent life-threatening events and apnea of infancy. In:  Beckerman RC,  Brouillette RT,  Hunt CE editor. Respiratory Control Disorders in Infants and Children. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1992;p. 178–189
  3. Herbst JJ, Minton SD, Book LS. Gastroesophageal reflux causing respiratory distress and apnea in newborn infants. J Pediatr. 1979;95:763–768
  4. Spitzer AR, Boyle JT, Tuchman DN, Fox WW. Awake apnea associated with gastroesophageal reflux (a specific clinical syndrome). J Pediatr. 1984;104:200–205
  5. Vandenplas Y, Sacre-Smits L. Continuous 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring in 285 asymptomatic infants 0–15 months old. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1987;6:220–224
  6. American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Infant Sleep Position and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome . Changing concepts of sudden infant death syndrome (implications for infant sleeping environment and sleep position). Pediatrics. 2000;105:650–656
  7. Rudolph C, Mazur LJ, Liptak GS, et al.  Guidelines for evaluation and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children. Recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001;32(suppl 2):S1–S32
  8. Orenstein SR, Magill HL, Brooks P. Thickening of infant feedings for therapy of gastroesophageal reflux. J Pediatr. 1987;110:181–186
  9. Vanderhoof J, Mehra S, Bailey E, et al.  Efficacy of a pre-thickened formula in term infants with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). [abstract] Pediatr Res. 1999;45:118A
  10. Shaker R, Dodds WJ, Ren J, et al.  Esophagoglottal closure reflex (a mechanism of airway protection). Gastroenterology. 1992;102:857–861
  11. Orenstein SR, Dent J, Deneault LG, et al.  Esophageal motor response to distension with graded volumes of air in infants. [abstract] Gastroenterology. 1994;106:A551
  12. Aviv JE. Sensory discrimination in the larynx and hypopharynx. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;116:331–334
  13. Laitman JT, Reidenberg JS. Specializations of the human upper respiratory and upper digestive systems as seen through comparative and developmental anatomy. Dysphagia. 1993;8:318–325
  14. Herbst JJ, Book LS, Bray PF. Gastroesophageal reflux in the “near miss” sudden infant death syndrome. J Pediatr. 1978;92:73–75

PII: S0002-9343(01)00823-3

The American Journal of Medicine
Volume 111, Issue 8, Supplement 1 , Pages 60-63 , 3 December 2001

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